How to appreciate calligraphy and painting collection

眾所周知，在收藏界里，書法字畫的收藏歷來是一個大智慧，單單就江蘇揚州而言，"堂前無字畫，不是舊人家",書畫收藏的歷史，更是由來久矣！

As we all know, in the field of collection, the collection of calligraphy and painting has always been a great wisdom. As far as Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province is concerned, "there are no calligraphy and painting in front of the hall, not old people". The history of calligraphy and painting collection has a long history!

認為，字畫鑒賞需要注意的有兩個問題：

In my opinion, there are two problems that should be paid attention to in the appreciation of calligraphy and painting:

一是鑒，鑒者憑自己的眼力加以分析，包括年代、畫意內(nèi)容、作者身份、格式等等。其中重要的就是真?zhèn)螁栴}。因為真?zhèn)螁栴}在當前來說，牽涉到重大的經(jīng)濟價值。

First, the appraiser analyzes it with his own eyesight, including age, painting content, author identity, format and so on. One of the most important is the question of authenticity. Because at present, the issue of authenticity involves great economic value.

二是賞，即欣賞、品賞。根據(jù)自己的切身體會、生活感受來對書畫作品內(nèi)容、筆墨、構(gòu)圖、題款、印章等等加以分析評判，得出畫風之高下、筆墨之優(yōu)劣的結(jié)論。要準確分析評判一幅書畫作品的好壞，要提前做好一些準備，認為可以從以下幾個方面入手。

The second is appreciation, that is, appreciation and appreciation. According to their own personal experience and life experience, analyze and judge the content, pen and ink, composition, title, seal, etc. of calligraphy and painting works, and draw the conclusion of the height of painting style and the advantages and disadvantages of pen and ink. To accurately analyze and judge the quality of a painting and calligraphy work, we should make some preparations in advance. We think we can start from the following aspects.

1.多讀書，涉獵盡量廣泛。對歷史、文學、建筑、美學、服飾、家具、文字等等都要有所了解，特別是美術(shù)史。認為，以社會發(fā)展史為縱軸、各個王朝為橫軸，以各個朝代的著名畫派、著名畫家為重要節(jié)點，來擴大，了解繪畫、書法的發(fā)展。作為一般人來講，對宋元稍微深入一下，特別是明、清兩朝要作為著重進行研究了解。因為對宋、元以前的作品普通人基本看不到，所謂"六朝古畫已不可見",即便有其時的作品，多也是后代摹仿的。我們現(xiàn)在所能看到的古代書畫作品多為明、清、民國的作品。

1. Read more books and cover as widely as possible. We should have an understanding of history, literature, architecture, aesthetics, clothing, furniture, writing, etc., especially the history of Chinese art. It is believed that taking the history of Chinese social development as the vertical axis, each dynasty as the horizontal axis, and the famous painting schools and famous painters of each dynasty as the important nodes, we can have a better understanding of the development of Chinese painting and calligraphy. As a general person, we should focus on the study and understanding of the song and Yuan Dynasties, especially the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Because ordinary people can hardly see the works before the song and Yuan Dynasties, the so-called "ancient paintings of the Six Dynasties are no longer visible". Even if there are works at that time, most of them are imitated by future generations. Most of the ancient calligraphy and painting works we can see now are those of the Ming, Qing and Republic of China.

2.就要多看實物。所謂看實物就是要看真的東西。各地博物館、美術(shù)館、規(guī)模較大的拍賣會，都是一定要去的地方，所謂鑒定，就是把你腦子里某個作者的真的作品的圖像、版本調(diào)出來和你眼前的作品加以比較，分判出真?zhèn)?、?yōu)劣。所以開始進入你腦子里的底版非常重要。這是一個標準，標準器錯了，你以后的鑒定就混亂，辨別真?zhèn)胃鼰o從談起了。對某個書畫家的創(chuàng)作風格、書寫習慣要爛熟于心，這樣就不會出錯了。著名的書畫鑒賞家徐邦達先生有"徐半尺"之美譽，即畫打開半尺即知道作者、真?zhèn)蔚鹊?，說白了，就是熟能生巧、長期磨煉的結(jié)果。

2. We should pay more attention to the real objects. The so-called look at the real thing is to look at the real thing. Museums, art galleries and large-scale auctions are all places to go. The so-called appraisal is to transfer the images and versions of the real works of an author in your mind and compare them with the works in front of you, so as to judge the authenticity, advantages and disadvantages. So it's important to start getting into your mind. This is a standard. If the standard device is wrong, your future identification will be confused, and it is impossible to distinguish the authenticity. Be familiar with the creative style and writing habits of a calligrapher and painter, so that there will be no mistakes. Mr. Xu Bangda, a famous connoisseur of calligraphy and painting, has the reputation of "Xu Banchi", that is, when the painting is opened half a chi, he knows the author, authenticity and so on. To put it bluntly, practice makes perfect and the result of long-term training.

3.多交朋友，交有真才實學之友。精通繪畫、書法、文史，與之交流切磋會有收益和提高。切不可交夸夸其談之人，或一知半解，或一孔之見，或紙上談兵，這都會使人誤入歧途，付出慘重代價。

3. Make more friends and make friends with real talent and real learning. Proficient in painting, calligraphy, literature and history, exchange and consultation with them will be beneficial and improved. We must not give it to people who talk too much, or have a little knowledge, or a little insight, or talk on paper. This will lead people astray and pay a heavy price.

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